Early American History Exam # 1 - Ziegler





Early American History Exam # 1 - Ziegler



 











<h4>






 















   








Early American History Exam # 1

Multiple Choice Quiz
1  The Indian empire that dominated modern Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest was the 
  A) Mayan. 
  B) Inca. 
  C) Aztec. 
  D) Chaco. 
  E) Olmec. 

2  At the time of the Spanish conquest, the economies of most of the Native Americans in South and Central America and Mexico were based on 
  A) hunting and gathering. 
  B) herding. 
  C) trade. 
  D) agriculture. 
  E) agriculture and trade. 
 
3  The eastern third of what is now the United States was inhabited by the 
  A) woodland Indians. 
  B) plains Indians. 
  C) mountain Indians. 
  D) coastal tribes. 
  E) pineland tribes.  
 
4  Indian religions 
  A) emphasized monotheism. 
  B) utilized totem poles in their ceremonies. 
  C) were tied closely to the natural world. 
  D) were not very important to their culture. 
  E) were centered on human sacrifice. 
 
 
 
5  Indian societies in North America 
  A) reserved the highest religious position for women. 
  B) tended to divide tasks according to gender. 
  C) put women in important political positions. 
  D) did not allow women to exercise any control over social or economic matters. 
  E) made little distinction between gender roles. 
 
 
 
6  Europe during the Middle Ages 
  A) was dominated by the Protestant Church. 
  B) was dominated by the Vikings. 
  C) built economies based on commercial agriculture. 
  D) was dominated by merchants looking for new markets beyond the boundaries of their own nations. 
  E) was too divided and decentralized to inspire great ventures. 
 
 
 
7  Paralleling the rise of commerce in Europe, and in part responsible for it, was 
  A) the return of the Black Death. 
  B) the invention of the compass. 
  C) the revival of the African slave trade. 
  D) the rise of united and powerful nation-states. 
  E) the discovery of a direct route to the Indies by sailing west. 
 
 
 
8  The first nation to fund exploratory journeys beyond the boundaries of Europe was 
  A) Portugal. 
  B) Germany. 
  C) England. 
  D) France. 
  E) Venice. 
 
 
 
9  At least partly as a result of Columbus's voyages, Spain 
  A) got involved in the Indian slave trade. 
  B) soon went to war with France. 
  C) replaced Portugal as the foremost seafaring nation. 
  D) opened trade with the great khan in China. 
  E) sent Balboa to conquer Peru. 
 
 
 
10 Through a combination of daring, brutality, and greed, the conquistadors 
  A) made possible the creation of a Spanish empire in America. 
  B) brought capitalism to Mexico. 
  C) founded St. Augustine. 
  D) introduced African slavery into America. 
  E) looted the seven cities of Cibola. 
 
 
 
11  With the Indians' conversion to Catholicism, 
  A) native religions died out. 
  B) Spain lost control of St. Augustine. 
  C) rebellions against whites ceased. 
  D) Spain was able to control all southwestern tribes. 
  E) most natives continued to practice their own religious rituals. 
 
 
 
12  The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 
  A) resulted in the permanent expulsion of Spain from New Mexico. 
  B) allowed the Pueblos to regain temporary political control of their communities. 
  C) resulted in the annihilation of the Pueblo people. 
  D) resulted from the unjust takings of Pueblo land by the Spanish. 
  E) led the Pope to excommunicate the conquistadors. 
 
 
 
13  The first and perhaps most profound result of the meeting of native and European cultures was the 
  A) exchange of plants and animals. 
  B) European adoption of native customs. 
  C) native adoption of European ways of waging war. 
  D) intermarriage of Europeans and natives. 
  E) importation of European diseases. 
 
 
 
14  Ultimately more important to Europe than the gold and silver found in the New World was the 
  A) importation of new crops that could feed larger numbers of people. 
  B) discovery of new forms of religious worship. 
  C) Indian labor force. 
  D) architectural knowledge gained from the Aztecs. 
  E) the domination of the mestizos. 
 
 
 
15  In matrilineal Indian and African societies, 
  A) the father is the sole authority in the family. 
  B) local gods are the basis of religious beliefs. 
  C) women play a major, often dominant, role. 
  D) slavery does not exist. 
  E) men and women share child-rearing responsibility. 
 
 
 
16  The African slave trade began 
  A) in the fifteenth century, soon after the Spanish conquest. 
  B) as early as the eighth century A.D. 
  C) with the English settlement of Virginia.  
  D) when the sugar industry moved to the Caribbean. 
  E) with the decline of Indian population in the Caribbean. 
 
 
 
17  In the sixteenth century, the market for slaves grew dramatically as a result of 	
  A) the rising European demand for sugar cane. 
  B) the need for labor in the tobacco fields. 
  C) a desire to Christianize Africans. 
  D) the English entry into the slave market. 
  E) the need for labor in the rice plantations of South Carolina. 
 
 
 
18  Which of the following was NOT an English incentive for colonization? 
  A) to escape religious strife at home 
  B) to bring the Christian religion to the Indians 
  C) to escape the economic transformation of the countryside 
  D) to find new markets for English products 
  E) to defeat the Spanish Armada 
 
 
 
19  The members of the Church of England who claimed that the church had not given up Rome's offensive beliefs and practices were the 
  A) Baptists. 
  B) Presbyterians. 
  C) Methodists. 
  D) Puritans. 
  E) Episcopalians. 
 
 
 
20  As a result of their experiences in Ireland, the English believed that 
  A) all they needed to do was subdue the natives and rule them. 
  B) they must retain a rigid separation from the native population. 
  C) they could not build a complete society of their own. 
  D) they should intermarry with Native Americans. 
  E) Catholicism should be exported to America. 
 
 
 
21  The country that produced the most successful fur traders and trappers was 
  A) Spain. 
  B) Holland. 
  C) France. 
  D) Germany. 
  E) Andorra. 
 
 
 
22  The first permanent English settlement was 
  A) Massachusetts Bay. 
  B) Jamestown, Virginia. 
  C) Plymouth, Massachusetts. 
  D) St. Augustine, Florida. 
  E) Roanoke plantation, North Carolina. 
 
 
 
23  The man to whom Queen Elizabeth granted the land on which the "lost colony" was planted was 
  A) John White. 
  B) Sir Francis Drake. 
  C) Humphrey Gilbert. 
  D) James Cobb. 
  E) Walter Raleigh. 
 
24 The Aztec city which was located where Mexico City is today was
A)	Tenochtitlan
B)	macho picchu
C)	 chichen itza
D)	Tikal


25 The Inca city located high in the Andes Mountains was
A)	Tenochtitlan
B)	macho picchu
C)	 chichen itza
D)	Tikal	

26 The Mayan city located in the Yucatan was
A)	Tenochtitlan
B)	macho picchu
C)	 chichen itza
D)	Tikal

27 The Great League of Peace which fostered stability in what is now New York and Pennsylvania was set among the
A)	Cherokee
B)	Ojibway
C)	Iroquois
D)	Pueblo

28 In 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella retook the Iberian from Muslims in what is called the
A)	Conquistadores
B)	Reconquista
C)	Columbian exchange
D)	Repartimento

29 Spanish conquerors in the New World were called
A)	Conquistadores
B)	Reconquista
C)	Columbian exchange
D)	Repartimento

30 The old world learned of corn and potatoes and the new world got horses. Weapons, rice, and ‘dead’ in what is known as the

A)	Conquistarores
B)	Reconquista
C)	Columbian exchange
D)	Repartimento
31 In this, Indian villages remained legally free but were bound to labor for Spanish conquerors

A)	Conquistarores
B)	Reconquista
C)	Columbian exchange
D)	Repartimento

32 the image of Spain as a uniquely brutal and exploitative colonizer is termed 
A)	Haciendas
B)	Black Legend
C)	Mestizos
D)	Creoles
33 Large scale farms were known as

A)	Haciendas
B)	Black Legend
C)	Mestizos
D)	Creoles

34 Persons of mixed Spanish and Indian background were known as

A)	Haciendas
B)	Black Legend
C)	Mestizos
D)	Creoles

35 The uprising in the 1680’s in New Mexico against Spanish conquerors 
A)	Pueblo Revolt
B)	Inquisition
C)	Pope
D)	Quetzecoatl


36 Fort Pontchatrain de troit was established in 1701 in what is now Michigan by 
A)	Peter Stuyvesant
B)	Antoine Cadillac
C)	Ponce de Leon
D)	Josephe

37 Governor of New Amsterdam, now New York

A)	Peter Stuyvesant
B)	Antoine Cadillac
C)	Ponce de Leon
D)	Josephe

38 Governor of Puerto Rico who discovered Florida on Easter in 1513 while searching for the fountain of youth

A)	Peter Stuyvesant
B)	Antoine Cadillac
C)	Juan Ponce de Leon
D)	Josephe

39  Dutch explorer who not only ‘discovered’ the Canadian Bay named for him, but in 1609 sailed into what is not the New York river, looking for a Northwest Passage
A Henry Hudson
B Leif Ericsson
C Zheng
D Ibn Batuta

40. From 1405 to 1433, this Chinese Admiral led huge expeditions exploring the Indian Ocean as far as east Africa
A Henry Hudson
B Leif Ericsson
C Zheng
D Ibn Batuta
E. Vespucci

41. Viking explorer who reached and settled Greenland and into North America 1000 years ago
A Henry Hudson
B Leif Ericsson
C Zheng
D Ibn Batuta
E Vespucci

42. Explorer whose map of the new world was the basis of its name
A Henry Hudson
B Leif Ericsson
C Zheng
D Ibn Batuta
E Vespucci

43. In early 1300’s this Morocco explorer circumnavigated Africa and throughout the Mediterranean, opening trade and developing sailing technology 
A Henry Hudson
B Leif Ericsson
C Zheng
D Ibn Batuta
E Vespucci

44. First European city in North America, stated by Ponce de Leon in Florida in 1513
A Alonzo Pietro
B Colusa
C St Augustine
D Bartholemew Columbus
E Balboa

45. Moorish captain of one of Columbus’ three ships 
A Alonzo Pietro
B Colusa
C St Augustine
D Bartholemew Columbus
E Balboa

46 Said to be first European to cross the New World  (he did so at the isthmus of Panama) to the Pacific
A Alonzo Pietro
B Colusa
C St Augustine
D Bartholemew Columbus
E Balboa

47. Indians of southwest Florida who killed Ponce de Leon
A Alonzo Pietro
B Colusa
C St Augustine
D Bartholemew Columbus
E Balboa

48.Dominican priest who condemned Spanish treatment of natives in Spanish empire
A Bartholomew Dias
B Pedro Cabral
C Prince henry
D Bartolome de Las Casas
E Balboa

49. Portugese explorer who sailed down the coast of Africa discovering the trade winds that led to westward sailing and more
A Bartholomew Dias
B Pedro Cabral
C Prince henry

D Bartolome de Las Casas
50 Portugese explorer who may have been blown off course in a storm and ‘discovered’ Brazil
A Bartholomew Dias
B Pedro Cabral
C Prince henry
D Bartolome de Las Casas

51. With Friar Marcos this Spanish African explorer searched the southwest US
 A Vasco da Gama
B Cabrillo
C Cabeza de Vaca
D Coronado
E Estevanico

52. Portugese explorer of Africa around the Cape and up the east coast and to India
A Vasco da Gama
B Cabrillo
C Cabeza de Vaca
D Coronado
E Estevanico

53 This Spanish explorer traveled from Cuba along the Gulf Coast, through Texas and down the Pacific Coast of Mexico to Mexico City
A Vasco da Gama
B Cabrillo
C Cabeza de Vaca
D Coronado
E Estevanico

54. Spanish explorer of California coast
A Vasco da Gama
B Cabrillo
C Cabeza de Vaca
D Coronado
E Estevanico

55 Spanish conqueror of the Inca
A Pizarro
B Hernanado de Soto
C Cortes
 D Magellan
 E Coronado

56 Spanish explorer who searched for the Seven Cities of Cibola
A Pizarro
B Hernanado de Soto
C Cortes
 D Magellan
 E Coronado

57 Spanish explorer who is said to have been first to circumnavigate the earth, although he was killed in the Philippines
A Pizarro
B Hernanado de Soto
C Cortes
 D Magellan
 E Coronado


58 Conquered the Aztec
A Pizarro
B Hernanado de Soto
C Cortes
 D Magellan
 E Coronado


59 Known for harsh treatment of natives of the Southwest to convince them not to resist the Spanish
A Juan de Ornate
B Jesuits
C Dutch
D Metis

60. Women in colonies of this country probably enjoyed greater freedom
A Juan de Ornate
B Jesuits
C Dutch
D Metis


61  Which of the following did NOT shape the character of English settlements in America? 	
  A) The colonies were business enterprises. 
  B) The colonies adopted native agricultural techniques. 
  C) The colonies were designed to transplant society from the old world to the new. 
  D) The colonies were able to develop their own political and social institutions. 
  E) The colonies promoted freedom of religion. 
 
 
 
62  One of the biggest problems during the first years of the Jamestown settlements was 
  A) the unwillingness of colonists to grow food. 
  B) fights over the colony's few white women.  
  C) attacks by Indian neighbors. 
  D) battles between slave-owners and non-slave-owners. 
  E) lack of support from the Virginia Company. 
 
 
 
63  Captain John Smith helped Jamestown survive when he 
  A) divided the duties and privileges of leadership among several members of a council. 
  B) imposed work and order on the colony. 
  C) ended raids perpetrated on neighboring Indian villages to steal food and kidnap natives. 
  D) divided the colony's profits among the stockholders. 
  E) entered into a relationship with Pocahontas. 
 
 
 
64  The Englishman who first cultivated tobacco in Virginia was 	
  A) John Smith. 
  B) Lord De La Warr. 
  C) John Rolfe. 
  D) Walter Raleigh. 
  E) Nathaniel Bacon. 
 
 
 
65  The year 1619 was important in the history of Virginia because in that year the colony 
  A) elected its first House of Burgesses. 
  B) made its first profit. 
  C) received its first royal governor. 
  D) put down an Indian uprising. 
  E) introduced indentured servitude. 
 
 
 
66  To entice new laborers to their colony, the Virginia Company established the "headright" system to 
  A) pay the Indians for their services. 
  B) import African slaves. 
  C) establish tobacco plantations. 
  D) promise the colonists the full rights of Englishmen. 
  E) grant land to current and prospective settlers. 
 
 
 
67  In 1619, another crucial element was introduced into the Virginia social order: 
  A) Catholics. 
  B) Africans. 
  C) Women. 
  D) Puritans. 
  E) Baptists. 
 
 
 
68  Which of the following colonies allowed freedom of religion to all Christians? 
  A) Massachusetts 
  B) Virginia 
  C) Plymouth 
  D) Rhode Island 
  E) Maryland 
 
 
 
69  Which of the following factors contributed to the outbreak of Bacon's Rebellion? 
  A) the autocratic rule of Governor Berkeley 
  B) overrepresentation in government of the frontier settlements 
  C) the government's pursuit and destruction of Indian marauders 
  D) a growing number of African slaves 
  E) All these answers are correct. 
 
 
 
70  Bacon's Rebellion was significant because 
  A) it revealed the bitterness of competition among rival elites in Virginia. 
  B) it was evidence of the continuing struggle to define the Indian and white spheres of influence in Virginia. 
  C) it demonstrated the potential for instability in the colony's large population of landless men. 
  D) it both revealed the bitterness of competition among rival elites in Virginia, and demonstrated the potential for instability in the colony's large population of landless men. 
  E) All these answers are correct. 
 
 
 
71  The majority of colonists who first settled in Plymouth were 
  A) members of a Puritan Separatist congregation. 
  B) not members of a Puritan Separatist congregation. 
  C) upper-middle class Puritans from the London area. 
  D) moderate Puritans who wanted only minor reforms in church practices. 
  E) None of these answers is correct. 
 
 
 
72 The Plymouth colony's relationship with its Indian neighbors was 
  A) antagonistic from the beginning. 
  B) made worse by the diseases the colonists brought with them from Europe. 
  C) an integral part of its survival during the formative years of the colony. 
  D) similar to that of settlers in Jamestown. 
  E) one of religious fellowship. 
 
 
 
73  Governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony was 
  A) John Winthrop. 
  B) William Bradford. 
  C) Roger Williams. 
  D) Thomas Hooker. 
  E) Miles Standish. 
 
 
 
74  The colony in Hartford 
  A) was founded by members of the New Haven colony. 
  B) gave women the right to vote. 
  C) had stricter religious standards than did the Massachusetts Bay colony. 
  D) was led by Anne Hutchinson. 
  E) gave more men the right to vote than did the Massachusetts Bay colony. 
 
 
 
75 Anne Hutchinson's teaching threatened to undermine the spiritual authority of the established clergy because she 
  A) claimed believers could communicate directly with God. 
  B) preached that the clergy was corrupt. 
  C) denounced clergymen who were also politicians. 
  D) stressed faith over good works. 
  E) tried to establish a female clergy. 
 
 
 
76  Regarding the Indians, Puritan settlers were LEAST likely to advocate a policy of 
  A) conversion to Christianity. 
  B) tolerance and respect. 
  C) displacement. 
  D) extermination. 
  E) treating the Indians as heathen savages. 
 
 
 
77  The Restoration colonies had in common that they were all 
  A) located in the south. 
  B) profitable for the crown. 
  C) proprietary ventures. 
  D) royal colonies. 
  E) religious sanctuaries. 
 
 
 
78 Slavery in Carolina was greatly influenced by slavery in 
  A) Virginia. 
  B) Barbados. 
  C) St. Augustine. 
  D) England. 
  E) Cuba. 
 
 
 
79 Caribbean colonies built their economies on 
  A) the slave trade. 
  B) shipbuilding. 
  C) export crops. 
  D) fishing. 
  E) rum running and piracy. 
 
 
 
80  Under the Caribbean slave code, 
  A) slaves lived longer than they did in other regions. 
  B) masters could kill slaves with impunity. 
  C) the island colonies became secure and prosperous communities. 
  D) owners were responsible for maintaining the health of their slaves. 
  E) slaves could earn their freedom. 	
 
 
 
81  The Navigation Acts were designed to 
  A) regulate commerce according to the theory of mercantilism. 
  B) destroy the power of rising colonial merchants. 
  C) keep the price of tobacco low. 
  D) raise money to pay off England's war debts. 
  E) open up trade routes between all American colonies. 
 
 
 
82  The overthrow of James II in the Glorious Revolution was 
  A) acclaimed by colonial Catholics. 
  B) criticized by colonial merchants. 
  C) the result of pressure on Edmund Andros. 
  D) hardly felt by colonial politicians. 
  E) well received in New England. 
 
 
 
83  In America, the Glorious Revolution of 1688 led to changes that revealed 
  A) a colonial desire for self-government. 
  B) that local issues were more important than questions over the nature of the empire. 
  C) that the institution of monarchy was unpopular. 
  D) that the established church was unpopular. 
  E) a decrease in the crown's authority over the colonies. 
 
84 The Jamestown colony was established by
A)	Queen Elizabeth
B)	Capt John Smith
C)	John Rolfe
D)	Virginia company
E)	Roanoke

85 The colony in Virginia that vanished was
A)	Queen Elizabeth
B)	Capt John Smith
C)	John Rolfe
D)	Virginia company
E)	Roanoke

86) Workers who had their passage to North America paid in exchange for 7 years of work were called
A) enclosure 
B) indentured servants
C) William Tucker
D) house of burgesses
E) uprising of 1622

87) Legal process that divided farm fields into individual plots owned by peasants but ended up reducing output on the redistribution eventually leading to their eviction
A) enclosure 
B) indentured servants
C) William Tucker
D) house of burgesses
E) uprising of 1622

88) The legislative body that evolved in Virginia was known as the
A) enclosure 
B) indentured servants
C) William Tucker
D) house of burgesses
E) uprising of 1622

89) This deadly conflict cost the Virginia Company its hold on Jamestown
A) enclosure 
B) indentured servants
C) William Tucker
D) house of burgesses
E) Uprising of 1622

90) First black baby born in North America in Jamestown in 1624
A) enclosure 
B) indentured servants
C) William Tucker
D) house of burgesses
E) uprising of 1622

91) This became the cash crop that made Virginia
A) cotton
B) sugar cane
C) tobacco
D) corn
E) potatoes

92) John Rolfe introduced cultivation of this to Jamestown	
A) cotton
B) sugar cane
C) tobacco
D) corn
E) potatoes

93) James I thought this was harmful to the brain
A) cotton
B) sugar cane
C) tobacco
D) corn
E) potatoes

94) South American natives introduced this crop to the English through Sir Francis Drake
A) cotton 
B) sugar cane
C) tobacco
D) corn
E) potatoes

95) Europeans learned of this crop from the Aztec and it has become one of the major foods of the world  
A) cotton 
B) sugar cane
C) tobacco 
D) corn
E) potatoes

96) Rights and religious toleration in New England developed because of all of these except
A) Roger Williams
B) the English Civil War
C) the Puritan Compromise
D) the Massacre at Mystic

97) The Mystic Massacre was part of
A)	Puritans
B)	Plymouth
C)	Pocahontas
D)	Mayflower Compact
E)	Pequot war

98) The Pilgrims at Plymouth were not
A)	Puritan
B)	Plymouth
C)	Pocahontas
D)	Mayflower Compact
E)	Pequot war

99) The religion of Massachusetts Bay was 
A)	Puritan
B)	Plymouth
C)	Pocahontas
D)	Mayflower Compact
E)	Pequot war

100) Powhatan’s daughter
A)	Puritans
B)	Plymouth
C)	Pocahontas
D)	Mayflower Compact
E)	Pequot war

101) The agreement of the Pilgrims when they started Plymouth on rudimentary self-government
A)	Puritans
B)	Plymouth
C)	Pocahontas
D)	Mayflower Compact
E)	Pequot war

102) Founded Connecticut
A) Thomas Hooker
B) Anne Hutchinson
C) Quakers
D) Maryland

103) Stood for religious freedom and tolerance
A) Thomas Hooker
B) Anne Hutchinson
C) Quakers
D) Maryland

104) Founded as proprietory colony by Calvert and religious diversity enhanced tolerance there
A) Thomas Hooker
B) Anne Hutchinson
C) Quakers
D) Maryland

105) William Penn was the leader of this group that founded Pennsylvania
A) Thomas Hooker
B) Anne Hutchinson
C) Quakers
D) Maryland

106) Governor and one of founders of Massachusetts Bay colony
A)John Calvin
B)Oliver Cromwell
C)John Winthrop
D)great migration

107) leader of the Roundheads and Parliament in the overthrow of Charles I
A)John Calvin
B)Oliver Cromwell
C)John Winthrop
D)great migration

108) Puritans followed many of his ideas
A)John Calvin
B)Oliver Cromwell
C)John Winthrop
D)great migration

109) Massive influx of Puritans into Massachusetts Bay in late 1600’s
A)John Calvin
B)Oliver Cromwell
C)John Winthrop
D)great migration

110) The American colonies were more like each other than like England in every way EXCEPT 
  A) they had to deal with a wild physical environment. 
  B) they had to deal with Indian tribes as neighbors. 
  C) they had to deal with religious disputes. 
  D) they had to deal with an ethnically and racially diverse population. 
  E) None of these answers is correct. 
 
111) During the seventeenth century, at least three-fourths of the immigrants who came to the Chesapeake colonies came as 
  A) slaves. 
  B) artisans. 
  C) indentured servants. 
  D) convicts. 
  E) religious refugees. 
 
112) The high mortality rate in the southern colonies had the effect of 
  A) weakening the traditional patriarchal family structure. 
  B) creating significant labor shortages in New England. 
  C) making it difficult for women to find husbands. 
  D) keeping the birth rate low. 
  E) increasing the importation of African slaves. 

 113) In the Puritan colonies, the principal economic and religious unit in the community was the 
  A) market square. 
  B) meeting house. 
  C) town meeting. 
  D) small farm. 
  E) family. 
 
114) The mid-1690s marked a turning point in the history of the black population in America because 
  A) planters from Barbados came to Carolina. 
  B) slavery was introduced in Georgia. 
  C) Massachusetts and Rhode Island abolished slavery. 
  D) the Royal Africa Company lost its monopoly. 
  E) slavery was enshrined in the colonial legal systems. 
 
115) The one factor which determined whether a person was subject to the slave codes in the British American colonies
  A) the person's country of origin. 
  B) the ancestry of the person's father. 
  C) the ancestry of the person's mother. 
  D) color. 
  E) None of these answers is correct. 
 
 116) Historian Edmund S. Morgan argued that the institutionalization of African slavery in America reflected 
  A) an effort by colonial governments to attract more white indentured servants by offering them a relatively high status. 
  B) the deep seated racism that white settlers had brought with them. 
  C) white fears of black resistance or even revolt. 
  D) economic and social needs for an easily recruited and controlled labor force. 
  E) a desire to civilize large numbers of African immigrants. 
 
 117) The most numerous of the non-English immigrants were the 
  A) Scotch-Irish. 
  B) Pennsylvania Dutch. 
  C) French Huguenots. 
  D) Scottish Highlanders. 
  E) Germans. 
 
 118) Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons that Africans were so valuable to planters along the Carolina and Georgia coasts? 
  A) They could be forced to do work that white laborers refused to do. 
  B) They often came from rice-producing regions of Africa. 
  C) They were more accustomed to the hot and humid climate. 
  D) They could be counted on to work the fields without protest. 
  E) They both were more accustomed to the hot and humid climate and could be counted on to work the fields without protest. 
 
 119) Conditions for agriculture were better in the middle colonies than in most of New England because of 
  A) cold weather and rocky soil. 
  B) the ease in getting crops to market. 
  C) the lack of a substantial commercial economy in the middle colonies. 
  D) the oversupply of single male workers. 
  E) more temperate weather. 
 
 120) The industrial activities of the northern colonies 
  A) included the growth of an iron industry supported by Parliament. 
  B) were primarily limited to local businesses and goods made for the home. 
  C) were strengthened by a surplus of labor in the colonies. 
  D) replaced crops as the major export items of the region. 
  E) reflected British encouragement of the metals industry. 
 
 
121) A common problem in American commerce in the seventeenth century was 
  A) the lack of a commonly accepted currency. 
  B) an insufficient number of ships to carry colonial goods. 
  C) too many large companies in every colony. 
  D) a small, unprofitable coastal trade. 
  E) an abundance of toll roads. 
 
 
122) The maze of highly diverse trade routes that involved the buying and selling of rum, slaves, and sugar was known as the 
  A) staple system. 
  B) triangular trade. 
  C) middle passage. 
  D) Atlantic highway. 
  E) mercantile routes. 
 
 123) During the seventeenth century, colonial plantations were 
  A) rough and relatively small. 
  B) English country estates on a smaller scale. 
  C) seats of an entrenched, landholding aristocracy. 
  D) insignificant in the colonial economy. 
  E) sites of political unrest. 
 
 124) African slaves in the colonial South 
  A) were rigidly separated from whites. 
  B) were widely scattered on small farms, seldom in contact with one another. 
  C) often participated in various forms of organized resistance. 
  D) began to develop a society and culture of their own. 
  E) were well educated. 
 
125) The characteristic social unit in New England was the 
  A) isolated farm. 
  B) meeting house. 
  C) town. 
  D) plantation. 
  E) extended family.  
 
 126) In colonial New England, tensions between expectations of a cohesive, united community and the reality of an increasingly diverse and fluid one led to 
  A) a general economic decline. 
  B) the witchcraft trials. 
  C) a decline in piety. 
  D) the rise of the merchant class. 
  E) an increase in piety. 
 
 127) Which of the following was NOT a function of colonial American cities? 
  A) They were trading centers. 
  B) They were centers of industry. 
  C) They were intellectual centers. 
  D) They were centers of political activity. 
  E) They were areas of few social distinctions. 
 
128) In matters of religion, Americans were 
  A) less tolerant than their English counterparts. 
  B) more tolerant than their English counterparts. 
  C) more inclined to be members of an Anglican congregation. 
  D) unconcerned about piety, especially in New England. 
  E) concerned that one religion would become more prominent than another. 
 
 
129) Which of the following was NOT a reason for the decline of piety in colonial America? 
  A) westward migration 
  B) rise of towns 
  C) corrupt ministers 
  D) the importation of Enlightenment ideas 
  E) All these answers are correct. 
 
 130) The Great Awakening was 
  A) an effort to alert colonists to British efforts to control them politically. 
  B) the way the Enlightenment influenced American education. 
  C) the opening of new commercial opportunities in the West. 
  D) the first great religious revival in America. 
  E) an effort to alert colonists of a British religious plot. 
 
 131) Before the Revolution, American education 
  A) occurred primarily at "dame schools." 
  B) created a white male population more literate than those of European nations. 
  C) allowed most white men to attend college. 
  D) created a more literate female than male population. 
  E) stressed religious piety. 
 
 
132) Which of the following offers the best historical source of information about humor in the American colonies? 
  A) the Bible 
  B) colonial newspapers 
  C) almanacs 
  D) novels 
  E) the published sermons of Jonathan Edwards 
 
 

133) Iroquois joined British in alliance against French which lasted into 1680’s
A) king Philips war
B) Salem
C) Mercantilism
D) Covenant chain
E) Charter of liberties

134) Massachusetts Bay town where superstition led to executions of ‘suspicious’ individuals in 1692

A) king Philips war
B) Salem
C) Mercantilism
D) Covenant chain
E) Charter of liberties

135) Duke of York called for elected assembly in 1683 which drafted this to have elections, protect male property rights, and religious liberty

A) king Philips war
B) Salem
C) Mercantilism
D) Covenant chain
E) Charter of liberties

136) regulation of colonial economies to benefit the country that ‘owned’ them
A) king Philips war
B) Salem
C) Mercantilism
D) Covenant chain
E) Charter of liberties

137) armed conflict among English settlers and native tribes in New England @ 1675-78 that broke the native power
A) king Philips war
B) Salem
C) Mercantilism
D) Covenant chain
E) Charter of liberties



138) Virginia settlers rose against Governor Berkeley’s corruption and playing poor white settlers against Indians in 1676 that also led to expansion of African slavery in its wake
A) Fundamental constitution of Carolina
B) Yamasee uprising
C) Bacon’s rebellion
D) Slave code of 1705
E) Dominion of new England

139) The English crown threatened with challenge from Parliament and Englishmen wanting their rights organized this among the colonies to try to control it more. 
A) Fundamental constitution of Carolina
B) Yamasee uprising
C) Bacon’s rebellion
D) Slave code of 1705
E) Dominion of new England

140) Indians in South Carolina were crushed in their 1715 fight against being made slaves
A) Fundamental constitution of Carolina
B) Yamasee uprising
C) Bacon’s rebellion
D) Slave code of 1705
E) Dominion of new England

141) Issued by South Carolina proprietors in 1669, it wanted to establish a feudal order of ‘nobility’, serfs, and slaves. 
A) Fundamental constitution of Carolina
B) Yamasee uprising
C) Bacon’s rebellion
D) Slave code of 1705
E) Dominion of new England

142) Virginia laws regulating activities between slaves and English ‘citizens’, including separate courts, white supremacy, slave trade, dealing with runaways, etc. 
A) Fundamental constitution of Carolina
B) Yamasee uprising
C) Bacon’s rebellion
D) Slave code of 1705
E) Dominion of new England

143) Each of the following was a reason for the colonists to enjoy their membership in the British Empire in the 1750s EXCEPT 
  A) military protection from the Indians and the French. 
  B) political stability. 
  C) British subsidies for colonial industry. 
  D) opportunity for trade. 
  E) opportunity for university education in England. 
 
 
 
144) During the fifty years after the Glorious Revolution, the British policy of neglect of the colonial economy 
  A) dissipated as the kings reasserted their power in the British government. 
  B) was lessened by the capabilities of royal officials in America. 
  C) was sustained by some Parliamentary leaders who believed relaxation of restrictions would spur commerce. 
  D) was lessened as officials in London learned more about the colonial economies. 
  E) caused the colonists to feel more American than English. 
 
 
 
145) By the 1750s colonial legislatures had come to see themselves as 
  A) little parliaments. 
  B) agents of the royal governor. 
  C) powerless. 
  D) agents for democratic reform. 
  E) agents for the king. 
 
 
146) A conference of colonial leaders gathered in Albany, New York in 1754 to discuss a proposal by Benjamin Franklin to 
  A) declare war on the French and Indians. 
  B) negotiate a treaty with the French. 
  C) expand a system of intercolonial roads. 
  D) extend the operation of the colonial postal service. 
  E) establish "one general government" for all the colonies. 
 
 147) Both the French and the English were well aware that the battle for control of North America would be determined in part by 
  A) who had the Dutch on their side. 
  B) whose king was the best military commander. 
  C) which group could win the allegiance of native tribes. 
  D) whose armies could best fight "Indian" fashion. 
  E) whose army had the best infantry. 
 
148) The British victory in the Great War for the Empire 
  A) expelled France and Spain from North America. 
  B) gave England control of most the settled regions of North America. 
  C) resulted in the defeat of all North American Indian tribes. 
  D) resulted in less contact between Britain and America. 
  E) resulted in the colonists' control of the Missouri River. 
 
 
 
149) Prior to the Great War for the Empire, the Iroquois Confederacy 
  A) traded exclusively with the English. 
  B) traded exclusively with the French. 
  C) maintained their autonomy by avoiding a close relationship with both the French and the English. 
  D) traded only with the five tribes that made up the Confederacy. 
  E) began trading with the Spanish. 
 
 
 150) Which of the following did NOT occur during the prime ministry of William Pitt? 
  A) Americans were reimbursed for supplies requisitioned in their British colonies. 
  B) Colonial assemblies were in charge of recruitment in their respective colonies. 
  C) The French lost the city of Quebec. 
  D) Most of the fighting was done by colonial militia. 
  E) The Iroquois remained neutral. 
 
 
 151)  For which of the following was the result of the Great War for the Empire a disaster? 
  A) English frontiersmen and traders 
  B) colonial merchants 
  C) the Iroquois Confederacy 
  D) the Royal Africa Company 
  E) the Hudson Bay Company 
 
 
 
152) The English decision to reorganize the British Empire after 1763 was the result of 
  A) colonial demands for more efficient government. 
  B) problems in the merchant community and their desire for regulation. 
  C) colonial unrest, which the British government planned to put down before it became serious. 
  D) enormous war debts and large increases in territory. 
  E) the accession of George III to the English throne. 
 
 
 
153) George III influenced the growing strain between the colonies and Great Britain through 	
  A) his alliance with the Whigs led by William Pitt. 
  B) his psychological illness during the 1760s and 1770s. 
  C) his willingness to defer while Parliament dictated increasingly harsh terms to the colonies. 
  D) his insecure personality, which contributed to the instability of the British government during these years. 
  E) his throwing the Boston Tea Party. 
 
 
 154) In an effort to keep peace between frontiersmen and Indians and provide for a more orderly settlement of the West, the British government 
  A) granted the Indian confederations sovereign recognition. 
  B) gave Indian tribes and confederations colonial status. 
  C) allowed interior settlement only if settlers bought land from the tribes. 
  D) put forts in the Ohio Valley to protect settlers there. 
  E) forbade settlers from crossing the mountains that divided the Atlantic coast from the interior. 
 
 
 
155) Which of the following was a consequence of the policies of the Grenville ministry? 
  A) British tax revenues in the colonies increased ten times. 
  B) Colonists effectively resisted and paid little tax. 
  C) Many colonial merchants went out of business. 
  D) Colonial assemblies assumed the responsibility for taxing their individual colonies. 
  E) British tax revenues from the colonies declined. 
 
 
 
156) British policies after 1763 
  A) destroyed the economy of the American colonies. 
  B) stripped colonial assemblies of their authority. 
  C) created a deep sense of economic unease, particularly in colonial cities. 
  D) actually helped the colonial economy. 
  E) inspired greater colonial loyalty to the crown. 
 
 
 
157)  Colonists argued that the Stamp Act was not proper because 
  A) it affected only a few people, so the burden was not shared. 
  B) the money raised would not be spent in the colonies. 
  C) colonies could be taxed only by their provincial assemblies.  
  D) the tax was too high. 
  E) it violated freedom of the press. 
 
 
 
158) British authorities decided to repeal the Stamp Act primarily because of the 
  A) passage of the "Virginia Resolves." 
  B) well-reasoned petitions of the Stamp Act Congress. 
  C) intimidation tactics employed by the Sons of Liberty. 
  D) passage of the Declaratory Act. 
  E) economic pressure caused by a colonial boycott of English goods. 
 
 
 
159 ) Townshend believed his taxes on the colonists would not be protested because they were 
  A) "external" taxes—taxes on goods brought from overseas.  
  B) not going to be strictly enforced. 
  C) lower than the Stamp Act taxes. 
  D) to support colonial projects. 
  E) creating more government jobs for colonists. 
 
 
 
160) The Boston Massacre 
  A) drove the American resistance underground. 
  B) reversed the calming trend that had occurred after the repeal of the Townshend Acts. 	
  C) made John Adams a leader of the resistance. 
  D) killed over thirty members of the resistance. 
  E) was probably the result of panic and confusion. 
 
 
 
161) Colonial "committees of correspondence" were created to 
  A) keep colonial intellectuals in contact with each other. 
  B) intercept mail between American Tories and the British government. 
  C) improve the writing skills of young gentlemen. 
  D) correspond with English radicals who supported the American cause. 
  E) publicize grievances against England. 
 
 
 
162) American complaints concerning lack of representation made little sense to the English, who pointed out that 
  A) over eighty percent of the population of Great Britain was entitled to vote for members of Parliament. 
  B) each colony was represented by an agent and a designated member of Parliament. 
  C) each member of Parliament represented the interests of the whole empire rather than a particular individual or geographical area. 
  D) American participation in parliamentary discussions would bind them to unpopular decisions. 
  E) American colonists were eligible to vote for members of Parliament. 
 
 
 
163) Colonists felt that when the English constitution was allowed to function properly, it created the best political system because it 
  A) distributed power among the three elements of society—the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the common people. 
  B) created a republican government. 
  C) created a democracy. 
  D) put power in the hands of those best suited to govern. 
  E) provided semi-autonomy to the colonies. 
 
 
 164) The Coercive or Intolerable Acts 
  A) isolated Massachusetts from the other colonies. 
  B) made Massachusetts a martyr in the eyes of other colonies. 
  C) created no concern among any group other than merchants. 
  D) increased the power of colonial assemblies. 
  E) led to the impressments of American merchant seamen into the British navy. 
 
 
 165) Which of the following was NOT a step taken by the First Continental Congress? 
  A) It adopted a plan for a colonial union under British authority. 
  B) It endorsed a statement of grievances. 
  C) It called for military preparations. 
  D) It called for a series of boycotts. 
  E) It demanded the abdication of the king. 

166) Informal British policy allowing American in effect more freedom to pursue their political and economic interests. 
A Middle passage
B Stono rebellion
C Salutary neglect
D Enlightenment
E)Deism

167) Enlightenment thought applied to religion emphasizing reason, morality, and natural law. 
A Middle passage	
B Stono rebellion
C Salutary neglect
D Enlightenment
E)Deism

168) South Carolina slave uprising in 1739 that led to tighter controls in slave code and restrictive taxation on imported slaves. 
A Middle passage
B Stono rebellion
C Salutary neglect
D Enlightenment
E)Deism

169) A revolution in thought during 18th century emphasizing reason and science over religious authority. 
A Middle passage
B Stono rebellion
C Salutary neglect
D Enlightenment
E)Deism

170) 12 million Africans were transported on this leg of the Triangular Trade
A Middle passage
B Stono rebellion
C Salutary neglect
D Enlightenment
E)Deism

171) Catholic priest who began establishing missions in California to convert natives and began Spanish control and forced labor. 
A)Great awakening
B)Junipero Serra
C)Seven years war
D)Pontiac
E)Neolin

172) Last of four colonial struggles between Britain and France for control of North America. 
A)Great awakening
B)Junipero Serra
C)Seven years war
D)Pontiac
E)Neolin

173) Fervent religious revival movement 1720s to 1740s that spread throughout the colonies led by such as Jonathan Edwards. 
A)Great awakening
B)Junipero Serra
C)Seven years war
D)Pontiac
E)Neolin

174) Native ‘prophet’ who preached pan-Indian unity, rejection of European technology and commerce, and helped inspire rebellion. 
A)Great awakening
B)Junipero Serra
C)Seven years war
D)Pontiac
E)Neolin

175) Led native attacks on British forts and settlements after France ceded its claims to the English after 1763. 
A)Great awakening
B)Junipero Serra
C)Seven years war
D)Pontiac
E)Neolin

176) His trial did much to promote freedom of press and speech in the colonies in 1735. 
A)Proclamation of 1763
B)Albany plan of union
C)John peter zenger
D)Poor Richards almanac
E)John Locke 

177) British order blocking English colonists moving west beyond the Appalachians. 
A)Proclamation of 1763
B)Albany plan of union
C)John peter zenger
D)Poor Richards almanac
E)John Locke

178) 1754 proposal urging unification of seven New England colonies under a crown appointed president to promote trade and in anticipation of French and Indian War. 
A)Proclamation of 1763
B)Albany plan of union
C)John peter zenger
D)Poor Richards almanac
E)John Locke

179) English natural rights philosopher whose 2nd Treatise on Government contained many of the ideas later expressed in the Declaration of Independence. 
A)Proclamation of 1763
B)Albany plan of union
C)John peter zenger
D)Poor Richards almanac
E)John Locke

180) Published by Benjamin Franklin 
A)Proclamation of 1763
B)Albany plan of union
C)John peter zenger
D)Poor Richards almanac
E)John Locke

181) His book Black Majority is a study of slavery in South Carolina circa 1705. 
A)Ayuba Diallo
B)Peter wood
C)James Oglethorpe
D)Olaudah Equiano
E)Kunte Kinta

182) Ancestor of Alex Haley portrayed in his book Roots. 
A)Ayuba Diallo
B)Peter wood 
C)James Oglethorpe
D)Olaudah Equiano
E)Kunte Kinta

183) Muslim merchant in Senegal who became victim of slave trade in 1731 but later escaped. 
A)Ayuba Diallo
B)Peter Wood
C)James Oglethorpe
D)Olaudah Equiano
E)Kunte Kinta

184) Wrote account of his life after being taken as a slave. 
A)Ayuba Diallo
B)Peter Wood
C)James Oglethorpe
D)Olaudah Equiano
E)Kunte Kinta

185) Led by him, Georgia was founded on rice cultivation, initially by English debtor prisoners, until slave labor replaced them about 1750. 
A)Ayuba Diallo
B)Peter Wood
C)James Oglethorpe
D)Olaudah Equiano
E)Kunte Kinta



166-185 A
146-165 B
126-145 C
106-125 D